Galamsey, a neglected risk factor of Kidney Failure?
Mercury exposure has emerged as a pressing public health issue for residents residing in galamseyprone regions of Ghana. Galamsey, characterized by illegal small-scale mining operations, often
employs mercury to extract gold from ore.
Unfortunately, this practice results in the significant
release of mercury into the environment, contaminating water sources and soils. Consequently,
plants absorb this mercury, leading to the contamination of the food chain.
Individuals in these areas face a heightened risk of mercury accumulation in their bodies through
various routes, including consuming foods grown in contaminated soils, inhaling mercury vapors,
ingesting water and fish with mercury levels, and absorbing mercury through the skin. Numerous
studies have linked prolonged mercury exposure to various health issues, notably kidney failures.
Mercury gradually accumulates in the body, particularly in the kidneys, impairing their function
and potentially causing renal complications. Since kidneys are vital for filtering waste from the
bloodstream, mercury exposure can damage these organs, disrupting fluid and electrolyte balance
and impairing filtration and waste elimination.
However, can the surge in galamsey activities in our country be attributed to the increased
incidence of kidney failures? Preliminary findings from a major teaching hospital in Ghana suggest
that 8 out of every 10 kidney patients that visit their hospital for dialysis originate from galamsey
communities or are dependent on it. Historically, Ghana has experienced low levels of kidney
cases, possibly due to limited engagement in illegal mining activities like galamsey.
Addressing this issue demands a multifaceted approach, including stringent regulations on illegal
mining, improved waste management practices, and heightened awareness among affected
communities regarding the dangers of mercury exposure. Furthermore, healthcare interventions
should prioritize early detection and management of kidney problems among individuals residing
in galamsey-prone areas.
In conclusion, mercury exposure stemming from illegal mining activities poses a significant health
hazard to residents, particularly concerning kidney failures. Combating this issue requires a
comprehensive strategy encompassing environmental regulations, community education, and
healthcare interventions to safeguard the well-being of affected individuals. Let us unite against
this menace and recognize that it affects us all, as we may unwittingly consume contaminated
products from the food chain. Additionally, other risk factors for kidney failure, such as certain
medications, herbal products, and lifestyle factors, should also be considered and addressed in
prevention and intervention efforts.
Yakubu Adam
FIND-GH (Forensic Investigation for National Development-GH)
Toxicologist/Lecturer
+233543494865
Yakubu.adam008@gmail.com
